Stove



Nov. 5, 1.946. E. EssoN 2,410,576

" sToyE Filed Nov. 18, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR:

ATTORNEYS.

E. ESSON Nov. 5, 1946.-

STOVEl Filed Nov. 18, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 I N VEN T OR idw/)2' E550/zA TTORNEYS.

Nov. 5, 1946. E. Essc/JN M9576 STOVE Filed Nov. 18, 1942 s sheets-sheet5 v INVENToR.-

Edw/z Esso/7.

Patented Nov. 5, 1946 tiene STOVE Edwin Essen, Kansas City, Mo.,assigner ite-Locke Stove Company, Kansas City, Mo., a corporation ofMissouri Application November 18, 1942,vv Serial No. 466,012

9 Claims. l

This invention relates to heating stoves and particularly those of themagazine type for burning'solid fuels.

Usually the radiating surfaces of radiant heating stoves become sointensely heated that it is impractical to provide them with porcelainor enameled. exteriors. Consequently radiant heating stoves areunslightly in appearance and do not present the modern eXteriors of thepresent dayfcirculating heaters wherein the heating `unit isenclosed' ina casing that may be finished in any desired manner. Circulating heatersare therefore more desirable for their appearance but theyv are moreexpensive than radiant heaters'and in .many homes, particularly thosenot so well" constructed', radiant heaters are more eicient andy givebetter service.

It is, therefore, a principal object of the present invention to providea radiant heater of relativelysimple, inexpensive construction andhaving the pleasing appearance of a circulating heater.

A further object of' the invention is to provide a radiant heater withan air circulating section whereby-the stove is in part a circulatingheater.

Other objects of the invention are to provide a stove constructionwherein the radiating surfaces are maintained at sufliciently lowtemperature-to permit-the use of porcelain or enamel exteriors; toprovide a stove structure having a minimum of cast parts; to provide-astove structure wherein the parts are'readily assembled; to provide aradiant heatingJ stove wherein the upper portion actsv in the manner ofa circulating heater to dissipate the topv heat; and to provide the castparts of the stove with simple shapes so that they may be readilymolded.

In accomplishing these and other objects of the invention, I haveprovided improved details ofstructure, the preferred form of which'isillustrated in the accompanyig drawings, wherein;

Fig. 1 is a perspective View of a heating stove constructed inaccordancewith the present invention.-

Fig. 2.is a vertical section through the heating stove.A on the line 2-2of` Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section` through the heating stove-onn the line 33; Fig. 2.

Eig. 4 is a horizontal section throughy the heating stove onthe line 4 4of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary perspective View of an' interior portion ofthestove particularly illustratingthe key. tiles of the refractorylining.

Fig. 61is aeperspective viewof oneof the flue refractories used. incooperation with interme- 2 diate` refractories for lining the magazinechamber.

Fig. '7 is a. detail perspective View of some of the metal parts of thestove shown in spaced relation to` better .illustrate the construction lthereof.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged sectional view through al portionv of the sheetmetalbody illustrating the porcelain exterior thereof.

vReferring'more in detail to the drawings:

Iv designates a heating stove constructed in accordance with the presentinvention and which includes a shell 2 composed of a base section 3, abody section 4 and a top section 5 al1 preferably formed of sheet metaland cooperating with cast sections hereinafter described. The bodysection 4 is of the wrap-around type in that it is formed of a metalsheet shaped to provide a front 6, sides l and a back 8, the edges ofthe sheet being connected together to form a seam Q'preferably in thecenter of the back 8 as shown in Figs. l and`6. The lower edges of thesheet are preferably bent outwardly and downwardly to provide aperimetric bead or trim I6 and then inwardly to provide a ilange HhavingV openings |21.' The upper edges of the sheet are bent inwardlyto-provide flanges i3 having similar openings M. The corners of the bodysection are preferably rounded and the front, back and sides are bulgedoutwardly throughout the height thereof" to facilitate expansion andcontraction thereof during heating and cooling and to avoid noise andcrazing of the finish applied thereto.

The front 6 has a cut-out I5 at the bottom thereof to accommodate' anash compartment door. frame i6 that is secured to the marginal edges ofthe opening and carries a door ilvhinged thereto along the lower edge asat i8; the door having a draft damper i9 manipulated by a handie 2i).lThe upper portion of the front has air inlet openings 2l located at therespective ends of a slot 22, which slot slidably mounts a damper 23 forselectively closing the openings 2l.

The base 3' conforms in shape to the body sectionand-has upper and lowerinwardly directed flanges Zand 25' for respectively seating the flanges!i and mounting the base upon a floor or suitable support. The base hasperimetric beads 2t formed on the respective sides of Ventilatingopenings 2.. The bodyl portion` is attached to the base-byI fasteningdevices 28 extending through the openings lZ- and through correspondingopenings'in the upper ange of the base.

Seated on the'flanges I3 isa frame 29 including aweb tilY having: adepending outer rib 3| en.v

gaging over the upper edges of the front, rear and side walls to assistin retaining the shape of the body section. The frame 29 also has anupwardly extending marginal rib 32 which cooperates with the lower rib3| in forming an encircling trim or band 33 corresponding to the trim||l at the lower portion of the body section. The inner edge of theframe has an upwardly extending flange 34, the front portion 35 thereofbeing of slightly greater height to form the lower edge of a door frame,later described. The frame 29 is preferably formed in front and backsections to` facilitate, casting although-it mayl consist of a singlemember.

Seated upon the web 30 is a dome 3E, having sides 31 and 38 and a back39 carrying foot flanges 49 engaging over the adjacent portions of theflange 34 and which are secured to the web 30 by fastening devices suchas bolts 4I. The dome also includes a downwardly and rearwardlysloping-top 42 rounding into the side and back walls as at 43. The frontof the dome comprisessides 44 and a top rail 45 which cooperate with theflange 35 to complete the door frame previously mentioned and which isprovided with openings 46'therein. Formed in the back 39 is a notch 41shaped to accommodate the lower section V48 of a liue outlet 49, theupper part of which is carried by the back 39 of the dome. The part 48has a plate portion 5| lling the notch 41 and is provided with a flange52 forming a continuation of the flange 40 when the parts are assembled.The lower section 48 also includes a substantially semicylindricalextension 53 which cooperates with the part 591:0 form a collarextending beyond the plane of the rear wall 8 to connect a smoke pipe54.

Fixed to the sides 44 of the door frame are flanges 55 on forwardlyextending wings 56, the front edges of which substantially register withthe upwardly extended plane of the front wall B and have outwardlyextending flanges 51 rounding into top flanges to provide a trim at thesides of the door opening and to attach sheet metal side members 59 ofthe top section 5 previously mentioned. The lower edges of the wingshave notches 62 which cooperate with notches 63 in lugs 64 carried onthe front web portion 30 of the frame 29 so as to provide journalsmounting trunnions 55 extending laterally from the lower edge of a door66, the door 95 being arranged to 'seat against the frame of the dome asshown in Fig l. The sides of the door have inwardly extending wings 61to form guards for preventing spilling of fuel from the door when thestove is being charged with fuel as later described. The lower ends ofthe wings terminate in hooked portions 68 which engage the flange 35 tolimit opening movement of the door as shown in Fig. 2. The door isprovided with a suitable handle 69 to facilitate opening and closingthereof,

The side members 59 are preferably formed of pressed metal and have wallportions forming upward continuations of the sides 1 and the front, rearand top marginal edges thereof round inwardly and terminate in inwardlyextending flanges 1|. The lower edges of the members 59 haveinwardlyextending anges 12 to seat upon theouter portion of the web 30 of theframe, the side members 59 and frame 29 being attached to the flanges ofthe body section by fastening devices 13- extending through openings 14of the flanges 12, openings in the web 30 and the openings v| 4 in theange I3 previously mentioned. In order to connect the trim of the wings56 with 4 the inwardly extending a-nges of the side meinbers 59, thetrim is provided with laterally extending pins 15 which project intoopenings 11 in the flange 1|.

Bridging the space between the side members 59 and spaced above the top42 of the dome 39 is a sheet metal grill 18 having depending anges 19and 99 on the marginal front and sides thereof. The front flange 19abuts against the rail 45 and is secured thereto by fastening devices8|. The side flanges 89 abut against the upper inturned flanges of theside members 59 and are similarly secured by fastening devices 82. Thecentral portion of the grill is preferably ribbed as at 83 to stiffenthe structure and form a decorative trim. Formed in the top at therespective sides of the rib are slot-like air outlet openings 84 whichcooperate with similar slots 85 in the side members 59 for thecirculation of air to be heated, as later described. The back portion ofthe top section 5 is closed by a downward extension B9 of the grill top'and which has a notched lower edge 81 fitting over the flue connectionpreviously described. The sides of the extension 86 are anged inwardlyto abut against the inturned rear flanges of the side members, theseanges being secured by fastening devices similar to the other flanges.The lower edge at the respective sides of the notch 91 are also flangedto seat upon the rear web portion of the fra-me 29 and be securedthereto by suitable fastening devices. The side members 59 and grillsection thus cooperate with the dome and frame 29 in forming an airpassageway around the heated surfaces of the dome so that air movingthrough the slots 85 and openings 88 in the part 86 is heated by contactwith the hot surfaces of the dome and discharged through the slot-likeopenings 84 of the grill portion, thereby providinga circulating sectionfor the heater.

The damper previously mentioned is best shown in Fig. '1 and includes aplate 89 slidable against the front E and which has openings 90 in theends thereof to register with openings 2| previously mentioned, theplate being secured to the front 6 by a suitable fastening device 9|extending through the slot 22. Extending forwardly and downwardly fromthe plate is an arm 92 by which the damper may be manipulated. In orderto improve the appearance and cover the damper, the frame 29 has ashield portion 93 extending downwardly and outwardly over the damper inspaced relation therewith so as to provide air inlet :to the damper`openings.

Supported on the flange |i is a plate 94 forming the bottom of the ashcompartment and which has upwardly directed marginal flanges 95 seatingwithin the groove formed by the trim |0. Mounted in the ash compartmentand supported on the lbottom 94 is the usual ash receptacle 96.

Positioned within the body section and supported from the bottom 94 bycorner legs 91 is an outer grate member 98 having an imperforatemarginal portion 99 forming a ledge for supporting refractories laterdescribed. The intermediate portion of the grate ring has theusualslot-like openings |99 and is provided with a central opening Il!!to accommodate a shaker grate |02 seated upon a iiangeA |03 'encirclingthe opening |0| as best shown inFig. 3. i

Mounted within the corners of the body section are flue tiles |94comprising superimposed blocks. The flue tiles are best illustrated inFig. 6 and are shown ascomprisingwall portions. |05 and |05 closelyfitting within the curvature of the adjacent walls of the body section,-and protect the body section from Contact with flames resulting in theflues as later described. The walls I05'and ISS connect with diagonalwalls |01 by end walls IBB and IBB, The diagonal walls |01 have notchesII-U in the upper edges thereof which cooperate with similar notches inthe lower edges of an upper tile to form openings III through whichgases evolved incidental to coking of fuel are discharged into the flueducts I I2 that are provided Within the interior of the iue tiles. Thetiles are of a size so that they extend substantially to the top of thebody portion and the outlet ends of the flue ducts are in directcornmunication with the interior of the dome.

Interposed between the flue ducts are refractory lining blocks IIS whichcooperate with the diagonal walls I'B'I of the flue tiles to form a fuelmagazine l lli above the grate. Ihe refractories l I3 are of suicientthickness to protect the metal of the side walls of the body section.With this construction the exterior surfaces of the heater may beprovided'with a finish such as baked enamel, porcelain II5 or the like,since the refractories absorb and distribute the heat generated by theburning fuel and `avoid hot sports which` ordinarily tend to crazeenamel or porcelain finishes.

The refractories are of a size to be inserted into position through thedoor opening. The side and rear refractories are inserted rst andfollowed by the front refractories, the upper of which is slightlyshorter and spli-t, as at I'I 6, Fig, 5, to facilitate placement andremoval thereof when it is necessary to replace any of the tiles.

In using the heater constructed and assembled as described, the door 56is opening and a re kindled upon the grate. A sufficient amount of fuelis inserted through the door opening to i'lll the magazine I I4. Thedraft damper I9 is opened so that sufficient air is admitted to the ashcompartment for upward flow through the grate and into the refractoryues by way of the openings responsive to draft effected by the chimneyto which the stove is connected. The re burns upwardly and inwardly ofthe magazine and the burning fuel settles downwardly so that the ashesare discharged through the grate into the ash pan 96. Burning of thefuel in the lower portion of the magazine results in coldng of the fuelin the upper portion and discharge of gases therefrom, which gases arepassed through the o-penings of the flue tiles and burned therein, thespent gases being discharged from the upper ends of the flue into thedome and through the dome to the fiue outlet. Owing to the fact that theflue is in effect partially insulated from the side portions of theshell, the shell is maintained at sufficient low temperature to preventinjury to the exterior hnish thereof. The refractories also provide moreeflicient and uniform distribution of the heat to the radiatingsurfaces, thereby avoiding hot spots that are ordinarilycharacteristieof the magazine type stove. The spaces formed over the dome portion ofthe combustion chamber provide for circulation of air through theslot-like openings at the front and rear of thecasing to carry away thetop heat, thereby providing in part a circulating heater while thewalls, front, and rear side members act as heat radiating surfaces toheat the surrounding air.

Fromthe foregoing it is obvious that I have provided a radiant typestove of simple, inexpensive construction and which is designed in themanner that the exterior surfaces are maintained at sufficiently lowtemperature to permit enameling` 0r porcelaining, thereby providing aradiant heater having all the desirable appearances of the moreexpensive full circulating type of heater.

WhatI claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Ina heater of the character described, a sheet metal body sectionforming radiant heat transmitting por-tions, a refractory lining facingthe inner surfaces of the section in covering relation with `said heattransmitting portions for forming a Afuel magazine therein, a cast metalframe'supportedon the body section, a cast metal dome carried by theframe for closing the top of the magazine, sheet metal sectionssupported on the frame and forming upward continuations of said bodysection and having air inlet openings,

and a sheet metal top cooperating with said last named sections toenclose said dome and having air outlet openings for circulation of airaround said dome.

2.- Ina heater, a wrap-around sheet metal body having front, rear andside walls, a gratel supported in upwardly inset relation from loweredges of said sheet to provide an ash compartment below said gratehaving walls formedr by@ said sheet, flue tiles disposed within cornersformed by adjacent walls and having refractory portions in heatconducting relation with said walls for distributing heat generatedwithin the flues to vsaid walls, refractory liners disposed between saidflues and cooperating therewith to form a fuel magazine above the grate,said flues having openings connected with the magazine, a cast metalframe supported upon said body'section and having a depending marginalrib engaging over the upper edge of said wrap around sheet to cooperatewith the grate in maintaining rigidity of said body, a cast metal domecarried by the frame and closing the top of the magazine, a flueconnection for said dome, and sheet metal members enclosing the dome inspacedrelation therewith to form a passageway around said dome for thecirculation of air to be heated, said sheet metal members forming upwardcontinuations of the wrap around sheet. 3. In a heater, a wrap-aroundsheet metal body forming front, rear and side walls, a grate supportedin upwardly inset relation from lower edges 0f said sheet to provide anash compartment below said grate having walls formed by said sheet, iiuetiles disposed within corners formed by adjacent walls and havingrefractory portions in heat conducting relation with said walls fordistributing heat generated within the flues to said walls, refractoryliners disposed between said flues and cooperating therewith to forim afuel magazine above the grate, said nues having openings connected withthe magazine, a cast metal frame supported upon said body section andhaving a portion .engaging over the upperedge of the Wrap around sheetto cooperate with the grate in maintaining shape of said body, a castmetal dome carried by the frame and closing the top of the magazine, aflue connection'for said dome, apertured sheet metal sections formingupward continuations of said vside and rear walls, andy a grill topconnecting said sheet metal sections to enclose said dome. n Y

4. In a heater, a wrap-around sheet metal body forming front, rear andside walls, a grate supported in the lower portion of said body, fluetiles disposed within corners formed by adjacent walls and havingrefractory portions in heat conducting relation with said walls fordistributing heat generated within the flues to said walls, refractoryliners disposed Ibetween said flues and cooperating therewith to form afuel magazine above the grate, said ues having openingsvconnected withthe magazine, a frame supported upon said body section, a dome carriedbyA the frame and closing the top of the magazine, a iiue connection forsaid dome, means enclosing the dome in spaced relation therewith to forma passageway around said dome for the circulation of air to be heated,said dome having an upwardly and I rearwardly inclined front providedwith a door frame, wings fixed to sides of the door frame and connectedwith said dome enclosing means, and a door for said frame; Y Y l e 5. Ina heater, a wrap-around sheet metal body forming front, rear and sidewalls, a grate supported in the lower portion of said body, flue tilesdisposed within corners formed by adjacent walls and having refractoryportions in heat conducting relation with said walls for distributingheat generated within the ues to said walls, refractory liners disposedbetween said flues and cooperating therewith to form a fuel magazineabove the grate, said iiues having openings connected with the magazine,a frame supported upon said body section, a dome carried by the frameand closing the top of the magazine, a iiue connection for said dome,means venclosing the dome in spaced relation therewith a form apassageway around said dome for the circulation of air to be heated,said dome having an upwardly and rearwardly inclined front provided witha door frame, wings fixed to sides of the door frame and connected withsaid dome enclosing means, a door for said trama-cooperating bearingportions in said wings and on said frame forming journals, and trunnionson the lower side edges of the door having support in said journals.

6. A heater including a body having front, rear,

and side walls, a frame supported on said body said wings andcooperating with the inclined.

frame for closingsaid Yfuel insert opening, side members forming upwardextensions of the side walls and spaced from adjacent sides of theV dometo provide air passageways therebetween, and a top member extendingbetween the side members to form a passageway over the top of the dome,said members having openings for circulation of air through saidpassageways.

'7. Av heater including a body having iront, rear, and side walls, aframe supported on said body and having a marginal portion engagingupper ends of said walls, a dome on said frame covering the upper end ofsaid body and having a fuel insert opening above the front wall of saidbody and a ilue outlet connectionat the rear side of said body, anupwardly and rearwardly inclined frame for said fuel insert opening,wings extending forwardly from the sides of said opening and havingfront portions substantially registering with the front wall, adoorpositionedV between said wings and cooperating'V with the inclined framefor closing said fuel insert, opening, side members forming upwardextensions of the side walls and spaced from adjacent sides of the dometo provide Vair passageways therebetween, a top member extending betweenthe side members to form a passageway over the top of the dome, andhaving a part forming an upward continuation of the rear wall and havingan opening to pass the ue outlet connection, said mem-ber havingopenings for circulation oi air through said pasageways.

8. `A heater including a sheet metal body having front, rear, and sidewalls, a grate supported in upwardly inset relation from the lower edgesof said walls a distance to provide an ash compartment within said wallsbelow the grate, said grate having marginal portions engaging saidwalls, flue tiles disposed within said body above the grate and havingrefractory portions for distributing heat generated within the flues tosaid walls, refractory liners disposed between the iiues and cooperatingtherewith to form a fuel magazine above the grate, said flues havingopenings for inlet of gases evolved in the magazine and having outletsat their upper ends for products of combustion, a frame supported on thebody section and having a marginal portion engaging upper ends of saidwalls, a dome carried by the frame and covering the top of the magazine,a flue connection for said dome, means covering the dome and havingportions forming upward continuations oi the side and rear walls andspaced from said dome to provide passageways for circulation of air tobe heated, a door in the front of the dome, and means closing the bottomof the ash compartment.

9. A heater including a sheet metal body having front, rear, and sidewalls, a grate supported 'in upwardly inset relation from the loweredges of4 said walls a distance to provide an ash compartment withinsaid walls below the grate, said grate having marginal portions engagingsaid walls, flue tiles disposed within said body above the grate andhaving refractory portions for distributing heat generated within theilues to said walls, refractory liners disposed between the iiues andcooperating therewith to form a fuel magazine above the grate, said lueshaving openings for inlet of gases evolved in the magazine and havingoutlets at their upper ends for products'of combustion, a framesupported on the -body section and having a marginal portion engagingupper ends of said walls, a dome carried by the frame and covering thetop of the magazine and having a fuel insert opening above the frontwall of said body, a flue connection for said dome, an upwardly andrearwardly inclined frame for said fuel insert opening, wings extendingforwardly from the sides of said opening and having front portionssubstantially registering with the front wall, a door positioned betweensaid wings and cooperating with the inclined frame for closing the fuelinsert opening, side` members forming upward continuations of theV sidewalls and spaced from adjacent sides of thedome to provide airpassageways therebetween, and a top member extending between the sidemembers to form a passageway over the top ofthe dome and having a partforming an upper continuation oi' the rear wall, said part having anopening for said flue connection.

EDWIN ESSON.

